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                <text>Continent: Asia&#13;
Location: Japan&#13;
Culture: Japanese&#13;
Dates: 1900-1968&#13;
Description: The Japanese shō is an instrument that was introduced by the Chinese during the Nara period (1710 AD-794 AD).  It was modeled after the Chinese sheng.   Sound is produced by inhaling or exhaling through the mouthpiece activating rectangular reeds mounted in the side of the bamboo pipes. The two longest pipes do not produce sound but are symbolic of the wings of the Phoenix to which the sound of the shō is attributed.  It is one of three primary instruments in the gagaku(comma) or Japanese imperial court(comma) music tradition.</text>
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                <text>Morphology: Shamisen&#13;
Location: Japan&#13;
Culture: Japanese&#13;
Dates: 1925-1968&#13;
Description: The shamisen(comma) or sangen(comma) is a traditional Japanese plucked three-string chordophone.  This particular model is called a Ryukyu shamisen or sanshin because it has a snake-skin body.  It is similar in style to the bowed kokyu but is instead plucked with a large plectrum called a bachi.  This example features stretched snake skin over the body. It is similar in sound to a banjo.</text>
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                <text>Morphology: Ko-kiu&#13;
Location: Japan&#13;
Culture: Japanese&#13;
Description: The kokyu is typically made of an ebony neck and a body of coconut or wood that is covered with cat or snake skin. It typically has three strings and is played upright. The kokyu is similar to the shamisen(comma) but is smaller and the only traditional Japanese stringed instrument that is played with a bow.</text>
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                <text>Morphology: Transverse Flute&#13;
Location: Peru&#13;
Culture: Aymara&#13;
Dates: 20th century&#13;
Description: This is a transverse(comma) or side-blown(comma) flute with six fingerholes. This style of flute is known in the Andean Aymara language as a pitu(comma) which is derived from the Spanish word pito(comma) simply meaning whistle.  The traditional Aymara word for such aerophones was falawatu.  Although the instrument has European origins(comma) the music played by the Aymara is traditional Andean music.  It is often played solo(comma) in ensemble with other flutes and drums(comma) or with a harp(comma) violin and drums.</text>
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                <text>Location: Colima(comma) Central Pacific coast of Peru&#13;
Culture: Chupicuaro (Tarascan)&#13;
Dates: 200 BC – 300 AD&#13;
Description: Realistically molded terracotta conch shell trumpet with handle for hanging. Conch shell trumpets were used throughout Mesoamerican cultures to announce significant events and arrivals(comma) during religious ceremonies(comma) and on the battle field. They are also associated with various Mesoamerican deities. Shells are believed to have symbolized power and authority in the Tarascan culture.</text>
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